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Joseph Ben Issachar sweet child Oppenheimer (briefly Joseph sweetly Oppenheimer, also diffamierend Jud sweet) (* February or March 1698 in Heidelberg; " 4 February 1738 with Stuttgart) was a financial adviser of the duke Karl Alexander of After whose death it became from low motives executed. It served Jud sweet as historical collecting main for Lion Feuchtwangers novel '' '' from 1925; the national socialists used history 1940 propagandistically for the film of the same name.
Joseph S. Oppenheimer buildup in Heidelberg in civil conditions in an outstanding Jewish buyer family. 1713 to 1717 it undertook journeys to Amsterdam, Vienna and Prague. The occupations, which were allowed to seize Jews at the time at that time, were limited to a large extent to handels and financial activities. Thus Oppenheimer began itself successfully, its living costs in the Pfalz as if private-finance to earn; also driving debts belonged to its first activities. With credits to indebted noble ones it ascended socially; it substituted whenever banks refused itself financing the life change of the money-looking for. Its credits were expensively, however without to usury.
As finance broker and a banker he brought it fast to prosperity and reputation. He worked among other things for the and Cologne cure princes. During a marriage switching on behalf the duke Eberhard Ludwig von he became acquainted with 1732 in bath game bath its nephews Karl Alexander, which suffered from chronic shortage of money. Still in the same year this Joseph S. Oppenheimer appointed an office, which served exclusively to finance the yard state his yard and war factor.
When this became after Eberhard Ludwig's death on 31 October 1733 duke of Joseph S. Oppenheimer for him had become so important that he granted a far deciding match area to him in financial questions and economics of the country. 1736 were appointed Joseph S. Oppenheimer as secret financial advice and a political councellor of the duke and continued to ascend fast. Duke Karl Alexander had gone over for a long time before the accession from the Protestant to the catholic faith. In its four years old reign (1733 - 1737) there were thus equivalent two unusual constellations: On the one hand a catholic prince governed over a Protestant population, on the other hand had a Jewish advisor beside the prince largest power. Both produced substantial tensions.
In order to bring desolate finances of the country with the absolutist representation and financial requirement of the duke Karl Alexanders in agreement, it introduced numerous innovations to the sense of a merkantilistischen economic system. It created a tobacco, a silk and Porzellanmanufaktur and also the first bank which it operated. It taxed civil service pay and sold against high fees of commercial laws for salt, leather and wine to Jewish fellow citizens. Besides it acted with jewels, precious metals, leased the national coin, organized Lotterien and gambling and mediated also in law cases.
The catholic duke Karl Alexander decided the measures and reforms in absolutist absolute power, without the agreement of the Protestant land conditions, suggested by J.S. Oppenheimer. Although this - after the condition - which would be right of the tax grant course conditions. Before the background of these political and inter+denominational tensions J.S. Oppenheimers woke successful state State of, its prosperity and his rigide money and tax policy with many national officials and citizens envy and hate.
As a Karl Alexander to 12. March 1737 by an impact accumulation died unexpectedly, unloaded themselves the displeasure, and Joseph S. Oppenheimer was arrested still on the same day.
The accusation was expressed in high treason, majesty offense, robbing the national cashes, office trade, corruptibility, violating the Protestant religion and fleischlichen handling Christian inside. One accused to him among other things, he against a fourteen-year old passed. Their virginity was confirmed by two midwives, yet it was condemned on 9 January 1738 to death. Proofs for one of the charges were not present, on designation of criminal offences or on a reason during the pronouncement of judgment were done without.
One placed it to looks in a red painted cage and promised, him to begnadigen if he to the Christianity crosses. It rejected. On 4 February 1738 it was at the Galgen. Before the chief of the Jewish municipality, Mardochai lock, had been allowed to carry assistance for it out, a Rabbiner it withhold. 12,000 spectators observed the killing on Stuttgart execution place, so-called '' Prague '' and/or Prague saddle, an elevator back before the gates of the city. Oppenheimers body remained for warning of Jewish threat of the Christian evening country in the iron cage, only 1744 let it six years long duke Karl Eugen depend and verscharren.
The cage, in which Joseph was pulled up and hung sweetly Oppenheimer at the Galgen, was an invention Stuttgart secret advice of plow, member of the commission of inquiry. J.S. Oppenheimer should not hang freely, as other one condemned to death at the Galgen, but like a bird in the cage. The prosecutors accused his Sexualkontakte to him to women of the herzoglichen yard state. The should probably allude at this "birds". Sexual handling Christian inside was put to it legally to the load, since it otherwise no breaches of law were provable or vorwerfbar.
As a condition for the pardon J.S. Oppenheimer the crossing was offered for the Christianity, as it were an extorted Christian obligation baptism. He is to have spat on the soil, when the Stadtvikar under the Galgen came closer to him and offered conversion. Before its death he spoke the pattern Israel: "Hear Israel, the eternal one is God, the eternal one is only. Praised always and eternal is God fame-rich rule!" The Stadtvikar called it too: "You will see in few instants, Jesus live!"
The ascent of a Jew to the point of the society, grown up in the Ghetto, was an up to then never dagewesenes event. Jews were close barriers set. Only by task of their faith it was to be broken off them possible of these borders. Sweetly Oppenheimer succeeded the up to then impossible. This made its history already early interesting and the material of many publications.
1827 appeared the novella Jud sweet from William Hauff, which had to rely to a large extent on hearing legends and interpretation, since the process documents were accessible only starting from 1919. Although Hauff endorsed the separation between Jews and Nichtjuden, he prangerte on the unfairness of the judgement. Lion Feuchtwangers novel was world-admitted '' Jud sweet '' of 1925. of 1934 developed an anglo American film production of Lothar Mendes Jew sweet on it, in the Oppenheimer to a Aufsteiger in the sense of the "Selfmademan" becomes, which hopes to free its people from the Ghetto. It was an attempt, with which of the Antisemitismus in straight established third realm should be warned. In Germany the film was forbidden. Rolf cutter wrote 1991 sweet and Dreyfus.
Admits became the material particularly by the anti-Semitic UFA and/or (Terra) - propaganda film Jud sweet, which Veit Harlan turned, and which had 1940 premiere. In addition at the film script Eberhard Wolfgang and Ludwig butcher were involved. Harlan let its Jud sweet live in the Frankfurt Jew lane, a Ghetto, which underlined the negative plates of the third realm with penetrateful tightness, dirt and Unrat.
1941 appeared to Berlin of J.R. George in the Ufa Buchverlag, the novel to the film "with 16 pictures from the Terra film of the same name".
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