Leffmann Behrens, Jewish name: Elieser (Ezechiel) Lippmann Cohen (* 1634 in Bockum; "† 30 January 1714 in Hanover), was a German yard Jew, yard and a chamber agent (banker) the hannoverschen late 17. and 18 beginning. Century.

Life

Leffmann Behrens, which zuwanderte from to Hanover, given indeed nothing with its ascent of the protection Jew (with the right for itself, its family members and officials of house to live in the Calenberger new city) the "“yard and chamber agent"”, that it cure prince George Ludwig 1698 appointed. After its marriage with Jente Hameln (1629-1695), the sister-in-law of the famous Memoirenschreiberin Glikl bas Judah body (also of Hameln) (1645-1724), widow of the buyer Salomon goose and daughter of the wealthy buyer Jobst Goldschmidt, succeeded successfully to develop it Leffmann Behrens a "“company"”, whose first profits with the switching of Luxusartikeln for duke Johann Friedrichs yard were made. The company grew further - also under the rule of Johann Friedrichs successors Ernst August and Georg Ludwig - by its services as a yard supplier (e.g. of Kutschen), army supplier (materials), during the transmission of so-called Subsidien, the funds for the "“letting"” from own troops to other powers, approximately to the catholic France (1672-80 and 1690/91), the emperor in Vienna or Holland and Great Britain (starting from 1702), with the assignment of credits to the chamber cash or the herzogliche family, at yard loads and government officials. Large credits of some hundredthousand Talern mediated Leffmann Behrens with the financing for Ernst August 1692 and the Polish crown for August the strong one 1697 (again with the acquisition of the duchy Lauenburg by Hanover was connected). Thereby its foreign business relations were useful to Hamburg (one oil Texeira, to the Mussaphias), Frankfurt/Main, Vienna (Oppenheimer, Wertheimer), lip Detmold, foam castle lip, Braunschweig Lueneburg, the diocese Mecklenburg Strelitz, after Saxonia Gotha and Goslar.

Leffmann Behrens remained a pious Jew without assimilating itself any desire, to its Christian environment. The social ascent would have remained anyway refused for it in this time. It occurred actively for its pursued faith comrades, approximately in case of its employment for the safety device of the Jewish cemetery at the Colonel race (1671/73), as an initiator of the Landrabbinats (1687) and as founders of the first synagog in the mountain route (1704), heart finances Behrens from its son (1657-1709). It intervened with its national gentleman also against Jew-hostile writings (of Gulich, 1690, and Eisenmenger, 1700) and was Mitinitiator of the famous religion discussion with a baptized Jew in Hanover in the year 1704. Participants of this large dispute were the Stadthagener Rabbiner Joseph Samson, the cure prince George Ludwig, Herzog George William from Celle, the cure princess Sophie, their youngest son Ernst August d.J., the Loccumer abbott Gerhard Wolter Molanus, Leffmann Behrens, as listeners numerous yard officials and scholars. It lasted three and a half hours and took place in the of the cure prince nut/mother Sophie in the palace in the flax route.

1714 became the fate year for Leffmann Behrens. On 30 January Leffmann Behrens died, in June the cure princess Sophie and in August mounted her son George Ludwig as a king George I. the British throne. Already since the death of Leffmann Behrens' son heart 1709 was guessed/advised the company into financial difficulties. Also you made the competition of the yard Jew Michael David ("† 1758), for a former employee to create who was appointed 1714 after Behrens' death the yard and chamber agent. The continuation of the company Behrens by Leffmanns grandchild Gumpert and Isaac Behrens ("† 1765) succeeded only up to the year 1721, in which the company bankruptcy went. The bankruptcy loss amounted to 400,000 Taler. Gumpert and Isaac had for 5 years in the prison, afterwards they were proven from the cure principality.

Leffmann Behrens' house, in which he offered free accommodation to several scholars, was in being enough road 8 in the Calenberger new city. It was not a half timbered house from the year 1674, carried the Hebrew inscriptions "“much property"” and "“by this door steps Ungemach!"” (see Art thinking marks, P. 537) and one destroyed only in the year 1943 by bombs.

Henning Rischbieter points out in the Hannover reader (Bd. I, P. 21-26) rightfully that Leffmann Behrens contrary to his temporary competitor and business partner, the hannoverschen "“early capitalist"” Johann Duve (1611-1697), that in Hanover to in 20. Century inside was knitted the wrong legend of a "“charitable"” entrepreneur, is completely underestimated. Behrens, as hoping actuator to a certain extent Duves Jewish counterpart, is to be regarded against it very probably as benefactors, above all to its discriminated against Jewish faith comrade. However: no road designation, a board, no monument does not remind of this important Jewish personality of the early modern times in Hanover. Its grave is received nevertheless: on the old person Jewish cemetery at the Colonel race (grave No. 159, illustration of the gravestone in choice and in the Hannover biographic encyclopedia, P. 45). The only one haven-guesses/advises Leffmann Behrens' of Andreas Scheidt is colored reproduced in of Louis and Henry Fraenkels Genealogical of tables OF Jewish of families (Munich 1999 page 28).

Literature

• Blessedly Gronemann: Genealogi studies of the old Jewish families of Hanover. Berlin 1913.
• Religion discussion, held at the Hofe to Hanover 1704

Articles in category "Leffmann Behrens"

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Related Websites

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• Spinoza in Turkey 17
  In Hanover, for instance, Leffmann Behrens was granted a patent of naturalization by Duke Georg Ludwig in August 1712 as a gift in his old age, ...


• Spinoza in Turkey 9
  When she was not precluded by her responsibilities as duchess, she held long conversations with Leibniz - to which Leffmann Behrens was occasionally invited ...


• Spinoza in Turkey, Appendix
  Jacob BEHRENS - Commander, 14th Allegheny Rifles; Leffmann BEHRENS - Court Jew (Hofjude) in Hanover; Leila BEHRENS - wife of Jacob BEHRENS; Mara Adi BEHRENS ...